Flight Operation

• Paperwork
• Right of Way
• Minimum Safe Altitude
• Aircraft Speed
• Electronic Navigation
  • GPS Navigation
  • VOR Navigation

    Paperwork

Following documents must be in the aircraft (AROW)

• [A]irworthiness Certificate: no expiration date
• [R]egistration: needs to renew every three years
• [O]perating Limitations: FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM), Pilot’s Opearting Handbook (POH), Instrument placards, markings
• [W]eight and Balance information

Right of Way

• In descending order
  • Aircraft in distress
  • Balloon
  • Glider
  • Towing or aerial refueling
  • Aircraft on the right
• When aircraft are approaching each other head-on, each pilot of each aircraft shall alter course to the right.

• An aircraft being overtaken has the right-of-way.

• When two or more aircraft are approaching an airport for landing, the aircraft at the lower altitude has the right-of-way

Minimum Safe Altitude

• Over congested area: 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2,000 feet of the aircraft.
• Over “other than a congested area”: 500 feet above the surface
• Over water or sparsely populated area: 500 feet from any person, vessel, vehicle or structure
• Engine failures: must fly at an altitude allowing an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface.”

Aircraft Speed

• Max 250 knots below 10,000 feet
• Max 200 knots below 2,500 feet and within 4 NM of Class C or D airport • Max 200 knots beneath Class B airspace

Electronic Navigation

GPS Navigation

• Composed of 31 satellite
• At least five satellites are always visible to a user worldwide

VOR Navigation

• VOR stands for VHF (very high frequency) omni-directional range radio. This is a 30-300 MHz frequency band.